Typical dugout. Note the mast foot left in the hull when the canoe was originally carved. The mast yoke sat in two notches, also carved into the hull. No fastenings at all.
Sails were always a sprit rig, a few of them had a small jib in addition to the mainsail.
Left - motor dugout on the way to a political rally.
Right - we paddled over to one island and the houses were so crowed around around the shore that there was nowhere to land. Chief Gonzales came to our aid, he jumped in the water (up to his waist), tied a rock around the painter and dropped it in. We then had an escorted 30 minute tour of the island, finished off with a drink of pop from the shop, and back to our canoe which was happily bobbing away at it’s anchorage.